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First time we go to spase, Kyiv (2026)

19/04/2022

A state commission was set up to investigate the catastrophe, but even after months of work by hundreds of specialists, the commission was unable to unambiguously explain the causes of the tragedy. As a result, the commission's report was classified and its details are known only from articles and interviews with individual members. To date, the causes and circumstances of the disaster are unclear. There are several conflicting versions of the event.
Before flying into space, Gagarin wrote a farewell letter - in case he dies. This letter was handed to his wife after his death near Kirzhach.
Nationwide mourning was declared in the USSR. This was the first time in the history of the USSR that a day of mourning was declared in the event of the death of a person who was not the current head of state at the time of death.
Urns with the ashes of Gagarin and Seryogin are walled up in the Kremlin wall [12].
The astronaut's name is immortalized in the sculpture "Fallen Astronaut" on the Moon

19/04/2022

After defending his dissertation at Zhukovsky Academy, Yu. A. Gagarin began flying practice - training flights on the MiG-15UTI aircraft (training fighter with dual control - "Spark"). In the period from 13 to 22 March, he made 18 flights with a total duration of 7:00. Before his independent flights, he had the last two control flights - with the pilot-instructor, regimental commander, Hero of the Soviet Union Vladimir Seryogin [11].
March 27, 1968 at 10:18 Gagarin and Seryogin took off from the Moscow airport Chkalovsky in Shchyolkovo. At the time of takeoff, visibility was normal - the lower limit of the clouds was at an altitude of 900 m above the ground. The task in the aerobatic zone was supposed to last at least 20 minutes, but four minutes later (at 10:30) Gagarin informed the ground about the end of the task, asked permission to turn around and fly to the base. After that, communication with the plane was interrupted.

19/04/2022

Then there was a trip in an open car, Gagarin stood at full height and greeted everyone. Greetings were heard all around, many waving posters. Spontaneous actions took place in maternity hospitals, all babies were named Yura. Nikita Khrushchev awarded Gagarin the Golden Star "Hero of the Soviet Union" and the new title of "Soviet cosmonaut pilot" on Red Square. After that, they visited the Lenin Mausoleum together. [10] In the Kremlin itself, the reception was not very sumptuous, there were few dishes, instead of vodka there were Georgian wines. [9]
The next day, a press conference was organized at which foreign journalists asked Gagarin and the designers questions. The conference began with Gagarin's question about whether he had relatives of the descendants of the Gagarin princes who now live in the United States. To which Gagarin replied:
"Among my relatives I do not know any princes and people of noble family and I have never heard of them"

19/04/2022

Gagarin was followed by an IL-18, and an honorary es**rt of MiG fighters joined the plane on its way to Moscow. The plane arrived at Vnukovo airport, where Gagarin was waiting for a grand reception. A huge crowd of people, all the top officials, journalists and cameramen. The plane rolled to the central building of the airport, lowered the ladder and was the first to get off Gagarin. A bright red carpet was laid from the plane to the government rostrums, followed by Yuri Gagarin (on the way he unbuttoned his sock, and he sat down and fastened it [9]), to the sounds of an orchestra performing the Soviet air march "We are born" to make a fairy tale a fairy tale ”. Approaching the rostrum, Yuri Gagarin reported to Nikita Khrushchev:

- Comrade First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR! I am glad to inform you that the tasks of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the Soviet Government have been fulfilled.

19/04/2022

At first, no one planned a grand meeting of Gagarin in Moscow. Nikita Khrushchev decided everything at the last moment. According to Sergei Khrushchev: [9] "He started by calling the Minister of Defense Marshal Malinowski and saying:" He is your senior lieutenant. He urgently needs to be promoted. " Malinowski said he was reluctant to give Gagarin the rank of captain. To which Nikita Sergeevich was angry: "What captain? You at least give him a major. " Malinowski did not agree for a long time, but Khrushchev insisted on his own, and on the same day Gagarin became a major. Then Khrushchev called the Kremlin and demanded that Gagarin be prepared for a decent meeting.

11/04/2022

The Vostok spacecraft was launched on April 12, 1961 at 9:07 Moscow time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The ship went into an uncalculated high orbit (with an apogee of 327 km instead of the calculated 230 km). In case of failure of the brake system, the ascent from it could take about 10 days, for which the ship's life support system was not designed.
After one revolution around the Earth at 10:25:34 at 108 minutes, the scheduled flight was completed - the brake system was activated. Due to a malfunction of the valve in the fuel line, the brake system turned off one second earlier than planned. In addition, with a delay of 10 minutes from the planned separation of the descent device and the instrument compartment. Due to a failure in the braking system, the lander with Gagarin landed not in the planned place 110 km from Stalingrad, but in the Saratov region, near Engels (the village of Smilovka). At 10:48 a radar at a local military airport detected an unknown target, it was a landing craft, and a little later 7 km to the ground, according to the flight plan, Gagarin catapulted and two targets appeared on the radar.

11/04/2022

After a four-month training period in Moscow, which began in March 1960, the Astronaut Training Center, with all its personnel, moved to a permanent location in Zvyozdny. By that time, they had managed to create the simplest initial conditions for work. Nearby, near the Chkalovsk station, the first housing was built - apartments to accommodate the families of astronauts and part of the families of the leadership of the Cosmonaut Training Center [3].
In addition to Gagarin, there were also contenders for the first space flight, only twenty people (BBC Group 1). Candidates were recruited from among the test pilots at the discretion of the Queen, who believed that such pilots already had experience of overloads, stressful situations and pressure drops. [4] Selection for the first detachment of astronauts was based on medical, psychological and some other parameters: age 25-30 years, height not more than 170 cm, weight not more than 70-72 kg, [5] ability to altitude and stratospheric adaptation, reaction speed, physical endurance , psychological balance. [6] The demands for growth arose due to the corresponding restrictions on the Vostok spacecraft, which were determined by the power of the Vostok launch vehicle. In addition, the selection of candidates took into account the positive characteristics, membership in the party (Gagarin became a candidate for the CPSU in 1959 and joined the party in the summer of 1960), political activity, social background. [7] They were not the best pilots in the country, but their height, weight and health were important - Mark Gallay, the man who prepared them for the flight, once said very accurately: "In any air regiment you could recruit twenty such pilots…

11/04/2022

On May 24, 1945, the Gagarin family moved to Gzhatsk (now Gagarin). In May 1949, Gagarin graduated from the sixth grade of Gzhat High School and on September 30 entered the Lyubertsy Crafts School № 10. At the same time he entered the evening school of working youth, the seventh grade of which he graduated in May 1951, and in June graduated with honors. caster.
In August 1951 he entered the Saratov Industrial College and on October 25, 1954 he first came to the Saratov Aeroclub. In 1955, Yuri Gagarin achieved significant success, graduated with honors and made the first solo flight on a Yak-18. In total, Yuri Gagarin flew 196 flights and flew 42 hours and 23 minutes.
On October 27, 1955, Gagarin was drafted into the army and sent to Orenburg to the 1st Military Aviation School of Pilots named after KE Voroshilov. On October 25, 1957 he graduated from school. For two years he served in Luostar (Murmansk region) in the 769th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 122nd Air Force.

11/04/2022

Narodyvsya 9 bereznya 1934 roku u seli Klushyno Hzhat·sʹkoho rayonu Smolensʹkoyi oblasti, nedaleko vid mista Hzhat·sʹk, yake nyni pereymenovane v Haharin. Pokhodzhennya z selyan: batʹko — Oleksiy Ivanovych Haharin, teslyar; matir — Hanna Tymofiyivna (divoche prizvyshche Matvyeyeva), doyarka. Rid po batʹku pokhodytʹ z s. Konysheve Chukhlomsʹkoho povitu Kostromsʹkoyi huberniyi, zvidky na Smolenshchynu pereselyvsya did kosmonavta — Ivan Fedorovych Haharin[2]. Dytynstvo prozhyv v seli Klushyno. 1 veresnya 1941 roku pishov u shkolu, ale 12 zhovtnya selo zakhopyly nimtsi i navchannya perervalosya. Mayzhe dva roky selo bulo okupovane nimtsyamy. 9 kvitnya 1943 roku selo zaynyala Chervona armiya i navchannya v shkoli ponovylosya. 24 travnya 1945 roku sim'ya Haharinykh pereyikhala v Hzhat·sʹk (nyni Haharin). U travni 1949 roku Haharin zakinchyv shostyy klas Hzhat·sʹkoyi serednʹoyi shkoly i 30 veresnya postupyv v Lyuberetsʹke remisnyche uchylyshche № 10. Odnochasno vstupyv u vechirnyu shkolu robochoyi molodi, sʹomyy klas yakoyi zakinchyv v travni 1951 roku, a v chervni zakinchyv na vidminno uchylyshche za fakhom formuvalʹnyk-lyvarnyk. U serpni 1951 vstupaye do Saratovsʹkoho industrialʹnoho tekhnikumu i 25 zhovtnya 1954 roku vpershe pryyshov do Saratovsʹkoho aeroklubu. 1955 roku Yuriy Haharin dosyah znachnykh uspikhiv, zakinchyv na vidminno navchannya i zrobyv pershyy samostiynyy polit na litaku Yak-18. Vsʹoho v aeroklubi Yuriy Haharin vykonav 196 polʹotiv i nalitav 42 hodyny i 23 khvylyny. 27 zhovtnya 1955 roku Haharin pryzvanyy do armiyi i vidpravlenyy do Orenburha v 1-she viysʹkovo-aviatsiyne uchylyshche lʹotchykiv imeni K. YE. Voroshylova. 25 zhovtnya 1957 zakinchyv uchylyshche. Protyahom dvokh rokiv sluzhyv v Luostari (Murmansʹka oblastʹ) v 769-mu vynyshchuvalʹnomu aviatsiynomu polku 122-yi vad VPS Pivnichnoho flotu. U 1959 odruzhyvsya z Valentynoyu Ivanivnoyu Horyachevoyu. 9 hrudnya 1959 roku Haharin napysav zayavu z prokhannyam zarakhuvaty yoho v hrupu kandydativ u kosmonavty. Vzhe cherez tyzhdenʹ yoho vyklykaly do Moskvy dlya prokhodzhennya vsebichnoho medychnoho obstezhennya v Tsentralʹnomu naukovo-doslidnomu aviatsiynomu hospitali. Na pochatku nastupnoho roku bula shche odna spetsialʹna medkomisiya, yaka vyznala starshoho leytenanta Haharina prydatnym dlya kosmichnykh polʹotiv. 3 bereznya 1960 roku nakazom Holovnokomanduvacha VVS K. Vershynina zarakhovanyy do hrupy kandydativ v kosmonavty, a z 11 bereznya pochav trenuvannya.
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He was born on March 9, 1934 in the village of Klushino, Gzhat district, Smolensk region, near the city of Gzhatsk, which is now renamed Gagarin. Origin from the peasants: father - Alexei Ivanovich Gagarin, carpenter; mother - Anna Timofeevna (maiden name Matveeva), milkmaid. The paternal family comes from the village. Konysheve, Chukhlom district, Kostroma province, from where the astronaut's grandfather Ivan Fyodorovich Gagarin moved to the Smolensk region [2].
He spent his childhood in the village of Klushino. On September 1, 1941 he went to school, but on October 12 the village was captured by the Germans and his studies were interrupted. For almost two years the village was occupied by the Germans. On April 9, 1943, the village was occupied by the Red Army and schooling resumed.

11/04/2022

Yuri Gagarin (Russian: Юрий Алексеевич Гагарин; March 9, 1934, Klushino, Gzhatsky District, Western Oblast, USSR - March 27, 1968, near the village of Novoselovo, Kirzhatsky District, Vladimir Oblast, USSR) Knight of the highest insignia of a number of states, an honorary citizen of many cities in Russia and the world.
Colonel of the USSR Air Force (1963), military pilot of the 1st class [ru], Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1961), member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 6th and 7th convocations.

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