20/02/2019
Gracious Cakes and Confectioneries Online Lessons (Week 3)
Week Day: Wednesday
TOPIC: CAKE MAKING
SUB-TOPIC: Milk and Water
Welcome to another session of our cake making tutorial. In our last lessons we learnt about the essential ingredients in cake making. These essential ingredients are very important in cake making, any deficiency in the use of any of these ingredients will impact the quality of the cake baked.
The ingredients are: flour, sugar, shortening and egg. Do well to go through the lessons, if you’ve not done so. You will learn the roles performed by these ingredients in cake making and the quantity and quality required.
In today’s lesson we will start learning about the optional ingredients and will start by learning about the roles of milk and water in cake making. So, sit back and enjoy the lesson.
MILK:
Milk is an emulsion of tiny parts of fat in a water solution of protein, sugar and minerals. Emulsion may be defined as a stable solution of fat, water and other ingredients which will not separate on standing.
The average composition of milk is 87.75% water and 12.25% of total solids. The total solids comprises of 3.50% of fat, 3.25% of proteins, 0.75% of minerals and 4.75% of lactose (milk sugar).
The following are the roles of milk in cake making:
1. it helps in performing the function of structure formation in cakes,
2. it enriches the cake nutritionally,
3. lactose sugar present in milk improves the crust colour and moisture retention capacity of cakes,
4. it improves flavour and taste of cakes, and
5. apart from eggs, milk is the only other ingredients that provides moisture.
NOTE: Milk proteins have a binding action on flour proteins which may create toughness and dryness in cakes but this is prevented by egg, fat, sugar etc.
WATER:
Water, like any other common ingredient of bakery products, must be uniform in order to obtain uniform results in the products. It can be added directly or in the form of milk.
The roles of water in cake making are:
1. it helps to hydrates the flour protein and thus helps in the structure formation,
2. it makes possible the formation of gluten. Gluten as such does not exist in flour, it’s only when flour protein are hydrated that gluten is formed,
3. it helps in the release of CO2 from baking powder and formation of vapour pressure are made possible by the pressure of water,
4. makes possible enzyme activity,
5. regulates the consistency of the batter which affects the volume and texture of cake, and
6. shelf life of cakes is determined by the amount of moisture retained in the cake.
To conclude today’s lesson, it’s important to emphasize that even though milk and water are optional ingredients in cake making they still serve important roles in cake making as you have seen above. So, it’s important to use the best quality milk and water in cake making and water should be added at correct quantity.
Thank you for following today’s lesson. In our next lesson we will look into the roles of salt and flavouring agents. So don’t forget to check in again on Thursday for this important lesson.
Do drop your contributions and questions in the comments section below. Thanks for the feedback.
I’m waiting to hear from you.
Oluwaseun Abiodun (07066390329)
Gracious Cakes and Confectioneries